What is the difference between camelCase and PascalCase?
Both join words without separators by capitalising each new word. The difference is the first letter — camelCase starts lowercase (myVariableName), PascalCase starts uppercase (MyClassName). JavaScript and Java use camelCase for variables and methods, PascalCase for classes and types. C# uses PascalCase for almost everything public.
When do I use snake_case vs kebab-case?
snake_case (underscores) is the convention in Python, Ruby, Rust, and most database column names. kebab-case (hyphens) is used in URLs, CSS class names, HTML attributes, and command-line flags. Hyphens are not valid in identifiers in most languages — that is why URLs use kebab-case and code uses snake_case.
What is CONSTANT_CASE for?
CONSTANT_CASE (sometimes called SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE) is the universal convention for compile-time and environment-level constants — MAX_RETRIES, DATABASE_URL, API_KEY. The all-caps + underscore visually marks the value as immutable and globally meaningful.
How does the converter handle input that is already in a specific case?
The tool splits the input into words first, recognising camelCase boundaries, snake_case underscores, kebab-case hyphens, dot.separators, and whitespace. Then it re-assembles in the target case. So myVariableName, my_variable_name, and my-variable-name all produce identical output for a given target case.
What is sentence case?
Sentence case capitalises only the first letter of the first word and the first letter after each terminal punctuation (. ! ?). Modern style guides — Google, Microsoft, GitHub — prefer sentence case for headings and UI labels because it reads more naturally and is friendlier to non-English speakers. Title Case capitalises every significant word; sentence case capitalises only sentence starts.
Is the tool Unicode-safe?
Mostly. JavaScript's built-in toUpperCase / toLowerCase handle Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, and most accented characters correctly. A few language-specific edge cases exist — Turkish dotted/undotted I being the most famous — that pure JS does not solve without locale-aware variants. For 99% of English, European, and source-code text the conversions are exact.
Why does Title Case lowercase the rest of each word?
Because that is the standard definition: capitalise the first letter, lowercase the rest. Inputs like "API key" become "Api Key" — by design. If you want to preserve internal capitalisation (acronyms like API, URL, JSON), do the case change first and then re-apply the acronyms manually, or use a domain-specific style.
Is the text uploaded?
No. Every conversion runs in JavaScript inside your browser. Open DevTools → Network — typing in the input produces zero network traffic. Safe for variable names, secrets, internal copy, or any text you cannot paste into a remote tool.